Disaster Recovery Plan Outline: SaaS Platform (Web App, API, PostgreSQL) on GCP
**I. Executive Summary:**
This plan outlines the procedures and strategies for recovering the SaaS platform hosted on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) in the event of a major disaster, ensuring an RTO (Recovery Time Objective) of 4 hours and an RPO (Recovery Point Objective) of 1 hour.
**II. Key Definitions:**
* **RTO (Recovery Time Objective):** Maximum tolerable duration of service interruption (4 hours).
* **RPO (Recovery Point Objective):** Maximum tolerable amount of data loss (1 hour).
* **DR Site:** Secondary GCP region for recovery.
* **Primary Site:** Current operational GCP region.
**III. Disaster Scenarios & Triggers:**
* Regional outage of GCP.
* Major data corruption.
* Security breach leading to system compromise.
* Major application failure unrecoverable within primary region.
**IV. Infrastructure Overview (Primary & DR Sites):**
* **Web Application/API:** Google Compute Engine (GCE) instances (Managed Instance Groups) or Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE).
* **Database:** Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL.
* **Storage:** Cloud Storage buckets.
* **Networking:** VPC, Load Balancers (HTTP(S) Load Balancing), DNS (Cloud DNS).
**V. Backup and Replication Strategy (RPO: 1 Hour):**
1. **Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL:**
* **Automated Backups:** Configure daily automated backups with point-in-time recovery enabled.
* **High Availability (HA):** Enable Cloud SQL HA for automatic failover within the primary region.
* **Cross-Region Replication:** Establish continuous replication to a standby Cloud SQL instance in the DR region (e.g., using logical replication or Cloud SQL's cross-region replica feature if available for your setup) to meet 1-hour RPO.
2. **Application Code & Configuration:**
* **Version Control:** All code in Git (GitHub/GitLab).
* **Container Images:** Stored in Google Container Registry (GCR) or Artifact Registry. Images should be replicated or accessible globally.
* **Infrastructure as Code (IaC):** Terraform/Cloud Deployment Manager for all infrastructure definitions, stored in Git.
3. **Static Assets/User Uploads (Cloud Storage):**
* Utilize Regional or Multi-Regional buckets for redundancy within/across regions.
* For critical user-generated content, consider cross-region replication policies for specific buckets.
**VI. Recovery Procedures (RTO: 4 Hours):**
1. **Disaster Detection & Declaration:**
* Monitoring systems (Cloud Monitoring, custom alerts) detect outage.
* DR team confirms disaster and officially declares DR plan activation.
2. **DNS Failover:**
* Update Cloud DNS records to point to the DR region's load balancer IP. TTL set to low value (e.g., 60 seconds) for faster propagation.
3. **Database Recovery (Cloud SQL PostgreSQL):**
* If cross-region replication is active: Promote the standby replica in the DR region to primary.
* If only backups: Restore the latest backup (within 1 hour RPO) to a new Cloud SQL instance in the DR region.
* Perform a database integrity check.
4. **Application Deployment (DR Region):**
* Use IaC (Terraform) to provision new GCE instances/GKE cluster in the DR region.
* Deploy the latest application code from GCR/Artifact Registry to the newly provisioned infrastructure.
* Configure application to connect to the recovered/promoted database.
5. **Testing & Validation:**
* Perform smoke tests, health checks, and essential functional tests on the recovered environment.
* Monitor logs and metrics for stability.
6. **Communication:**
* Internal team updates.
* Client communication regarding service status and estimated recovery.
**VII. Post-Recovery Activities:**
* **Root Cause Analysis:** Investigate the cause of the disaster.
* **Forensics:** Collect any necessary data for post-mortem analysis.
* **DR Plan Review:** Update DR plan based on lessons learned.
* **Failback Planning:** Strategy for returning operations to the primary region (optional, potentially more complex than DR).
**VIII. Testing & Maintenance:**
* **Annual DR Drills:** Conduct full-scale DR tests at least once a year.
* **Documentation Review:** Update plan annually or after significant infrastructure changes.
* **Automated Validation:** Implement automated checks for backup completion and replication status.
**IX. Roles and Responsibilities:**
* DR Team Lead
* Database Administrator
* Network Engineer
* Application Engineer
* Communication Lead