Refactoring

Refactoring is the process of restructuring existing computer code without changing its external behavior or functionality. Its primary goal is to improve the internal quality of the software, making it easier to understand, maintain, extend, and more resistant to bugs. This involves a series of small, systematic changes such as renaming variables for clarity, extracting methods from long functions, or reorganizing class hierarchies, all while ensuring that the observable output of the program remains identical.