Algorithmic Stablecoin
Definition
A stablecoin that uses algorithms to maintain its peg to a stable asset.
Deep Dive
An algorithmic stablecoin is a specific type of stablecoin that uses software algorithms and smart contracts, rather than direct fiat or commodity reserves, to maintain its peg to a stable asset like the US dollar. Instead of holding an equivalent amount of collateral in a bank account, these stablecoins rely on automated mechanisms to dynamically adjust their supply in response to price fluctuations. If the stablecoin's price deviates from its peg (e.g., goes below $1), the algorithm will reduce the supply by burning tokens or incentivizing users to lock them up. Conversely, if the price goes above the peg, the algorithm increases the supply by minting new tokens.
Examples & Use Cases
- 1TerraUSD (UST) prior to its de-peg event, which used its sister token LUNA to algorithmically maintain its dollar peg through mint-and-burn mechanics
- 2DAI (MakerDAO), which, while crypto-collateralized, uses a complex system of algorithms, governance, and collateralization ratios to maintain its soft peg to the US dollar
- 3Frax Finance (FRAX), a fractional-algorithmic stablecoin that uses a mix of collateral and algorithmic adjustments to maintain its peg, with the FRAX Shares (FXS) token absorbing volatility